2016 State of the Science Report – Environmental effects of marine renewable energy development

IEA Ocean Energy Systems (OES) established Annex IV in January 2010 to examine environmental effects of marine renewable energy (MRE) development.

In 2016 the Annex IV initiative released the 2016 State of the Science report. Annex IV focuses on environmental effects of marine renewable energy development, primarily from waves and tides, under the Ocean Energy Systems (OES), a collaboration of 23 nations brought together under the International Energy Agency. The report summarizes the state of the science of interactions and effects of marine renewable energy (MRE) devices on the marine environment, the animals that live there, and the habitats that support them.